Trump Approves Saudi Nuclear Deal That Could Allow Uranium Enrichment: Report

US President Donald Trump has approved a landmark civilian nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia that could permit the kingdom to enrich uranium on its own territory, marking a significant shift in US policy toward the Gulf nation, according to multiple media reports. The proposed agreement is expected to be submitted to the US Congress for review in the coming days.

The deal would establish a long-term framework for US-Saudi cooperation on civilian nuclear energy and allow American companies to play a leading role in developing Saudi Arabias nuclear infrastructure. The agreement is reportedly expected to remain in force for 30 years and is viewed as a major strategic victory for Riyadh. A key element of the agreement is the possibility of Saudi Arabia developing domestic uranium enrichment capabilities under a regulated framework. Reports suggest the enrichment facility could be built with US involvement and operate under restricted access to reduce the risk of military use. However, the proposal has already sparked debate among lawmakers and nuclear non-proliferation experts.

Uranium enrichment remains one of the most sensitive aspects of civilian nuclear technology because the same process used to produce fuel for nuclear power plants can, if taken further, be adapted to produce weapons-grade material. Critics argue that allowing enrichment without stronger international safeguards could increase proliferation risks in an already volatile Middle East.

According to reports, the proposed agreement does not include some of the stricter non-proliferation conditions found in previous US nuclear cooperation deals, including the so-called Gold Standard, under which partner countries agree not to enrich uranium or reprocess spent nuclear fuel. It also reportedly omits the International Atomic Energy Agencys (IAEA) Additional Protocol, which provides expanded inspection powers.

The Trump administration has argued that the agreement would strengthen Washingtons strategic partnership with Saudi Arabia while ensuring US companies remain competitive against Chinese and Russian firms, both of which have been expanding their nuclear cooperation across the Middle East. Officials also see the deal as supporting Saudi Arabias efforts to diversify its energy mix and reduce its dependence on oil.

The proposed pact comes at a time of heightened regional tensions and renewed international focus on nuclear security. Some analysts believe the agreement could influence the broader balance of power in the Middle East, particularly amid ongoing concerns over Irans nuclear programme and regional strategic competition. Before it can take effect, the agreement must undergo a review period in the US Congress, where lawmakers are expected to closely examine its security provisions and non-proliferation safeguards. While supporters describe the deal as a strategic investment in long-term US-Saudi relations, opponents have warned that it could set a precedent for future nuclear agreements involving uranium enrichment.

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