The Indian government has unveiled 'Prahaar', its inaugural national counter-terrorism policy and strategy, aimed at delivering a decisive blow against evolving terror networks. Announced by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) earlier this week, the policy marks a shift toward proactive, tech-savvy defenses in an era of drone attacks, cyber radicalization, and cross-border financing.

At its core, Prahaar – which stands for Prevention, Response, Aggregation, Human Rights, Attenuation, Alignment, and Recovery – outlines a multi-layered approach to neutralize threats before they strike. It emphasizes real-time intelligence sharing through upgraded Multi-Agency Centres (MAC), empowering state police as frontline responders while elite forces like the NSG provide rapid backup. Officials highlighted how this addresses modern challenges, such as encrypted communications and cryptocurrency funding used by groups exploiting vulnerabilities from Jammu & Kashmir to urban hideouts.

The strategy also criminalizes all terror activities without exception, choking off safe havens and online propaganda pipelines. By integrating AI surveillance and border tech upgrades, Prahaar draws from real-world lessons, like the swift online mobilization seen in past attacks, to prevent repeats.

Prevention takes center stage with community outreach: partnerships with NGOs, schools, and local leaders to tackle root causes like radicalization in prisons and youth hotspots. Economic initiatives in high-risk areas aim to reduce recruitment appeal, fostering a "whole-of-society" resilience similar to successful models abroad. Globally, it pushes for collaborative operations and UN-level action on tech misuse by terror outfits. Union Home Minister Amit Shah described Prahaar as a "zero-tolerance hammer" on terrorism, promising proportionate responses to any aggression. As states gear up for implementation, security experts see it as a timely upgrade to India's defenses amid rising global threats.
Disclaimer: This image is taken from PTI.

Major General APS Bal, General Officer Commanding of the Counter-Insurgency Force Delta, stated that Operation Trashi-I stands as a strong example of determination, strategic clarity, meticulous planning, and the sustained efforts of Indian forces and security agencies in combating terrorism.

Addressing the media, Major General APS Bal said the operation reflected seamless coordination at every level — from troops on the ground to senior leadership including co-commanders, ADGs, IGs, the DGP, and the Army Commander. He emphasised that collective contributions from all stakeholders ensured the operation’s decisive success.

He also pointed out the existence of a support network that enabled terrorists to build infrastructure and transport supplies to hideouts. Without naming individuals, he said the police possess the necessary information and will take appropriate action against those involved. The General highlighted that the operation was carried out in a calm, composed, and collaborative manner, resulting in success without any troop casualties. The only loss was that of a brave dog named Tyson, who initiated the mission.

He further confirmed that counter-terror operations will continue, noting that six Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorists were eliminated in February, including operatives in Udhampur and Kishtwar. In a post on X, the White Knight Corps stated that a 326-day high-altitude joint operation in Kishtwar led to the elimination of seven terrorists in Chatroo. Troops from White Knight Corps, Jammu and Kashmir Police, and Central Reserve Police Force worked using a coordinated intelligence network developed by civil and military agencies.

The Corps added that advanced technology such as FPV drones, satellite imagery, RPAs/UAVs, and modern communication systems played a crucial role in tracking and neutralising terrorists in harsh weather and difficult terrain. In the past 20 days alone, six terrorists were killed in operations across Jammu. Two were neutralised under Operation KIYA in Basantgarh’s Jophar Forest, while others were eliminated in Kishtwar during Operation Trashi-I through sustained cordon and search operations.
Disclaimer: This image is taken from ANI.

India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has progressed its Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) project by shortlisting three industry bidders to develop prototypes, according to The Indian Express. This marks a critical step in creating the country’s first indigenous fifth-generation stealth fighter, aimed at strengthening the Indian Air Force (IAF).

The selected contenders are TATA Advanced Systems Ltd (solo bid), a consortium led by Larsen & Toubro (L&T) in partnership with Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), and a group led by Bharat Forge along with BEML Limited and Data Patterns. These were chosen from seven consortia that responded to the Aeronautical Development Agency’s (ADA) July 2025 tender.

The AMCA is designed as a single-seat, twin-engine stealth fighter featuring advanced coatings, internal weapons bays, next-generation avionics, supercruise capability, enhanced situational awareness, and network-centric warfare integration, putting it on par with global fifth-generation jets. Over 125 units are planned, with induction into the IAF expected around 2035—addressing the service’s current shortfall of under 30 squadrons versus the sanctioned 42.

Successful AMCA production would place India among nations operating fifth-generation fighters, such as the U.S. (F-22, F-35), China (Chengdu J-20), and Russia (Sukhoi Su-57). HAL’s bid was disqualified over a paperwork issue, though it may participate in later stages; the prototype developer is likely to gain priority for full production rights. HAL’s chairman DK Sunil noted the program’s long-term horizon and expressed confidence in future participation.

The shortlisted companies will receive government funding to build prototypes, with final production contracts awarded after evaluations. Around 90 jets are expected to be produced domestically, supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative and encouraging private sector involvement. TATA brings UAV and transport aircraft experience, L&T-BEL offers structural and avionics expertise, and Bharat Forge contributes metallurgical and electronics capabilities vital for stealth airframes. Key challenges include developing a new 110 kN-class engine with DRDO’s Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) and potential foreign partners, along with integrating AI-based avionics and low-observable materials.

This development coincides with broader defense procurement, such as the Defence Acquisition Council approving six more Boeing P-8I Poseidon aircraft for the Indian Navy. French President Emmanuel Macron’s February 2026 visit may highlight aerospace collaborations, including Rafale Marine offsets or engine technology transfers relevant to AMCA. The AMCA shortlisting underscores India’s push to indigenize air power, reduce reliance on foreign supply chains, and strengthen strategic deterrence in a volatile region.
Disclaimer: This image is taken from Indian Defence News.

The HAL TEJAS, India’s domestically developed light combat fighter, has experienced a long and difficult journey since its conception in the early 1980s. The program is often criticised and described as being “grounded for 33 years,” reflecting the extended timeline between its approval and operational readiness.

This perception originates from the project’s formal approval in 1983, when it was intended to replace the ageing MiG-21 fleet. Even by 2026, however, the aircraft has yet to achieve complete operational maturity. Although TEJAS completed its first flight in 2001 and received initial operational clearance in 2015, ongoing issues involving production delays, engine dependency, and avionics integration have contributed to the impression of slow progress.

The program was initiated by the Aeronautical Development Agency, with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited serving as the manufacturing partner. The objective was to create a lightweight, multi-role fighter featuring a delta-wing design. However, international sanctions imposed after India’s 1998 nuclear tests significantly disrupted foreign technological cooperation, forcing engineers to develop critical systems domestically, including flight control software and radar.

Initially budgeted at ₹560 crore, the project’s cost rose dramatically to over ₹13,000 crore by 2015. This escalation was largely driven by dependence on imported components, including the GE F404 engine, which powers the aircraft. Engine limitations have been among the most significant challenges. Without an indigenous engine, TEJAS continues to rely on imported F404-IN20 engines, while the more powerful F414 engine, planned for future MK-2 variants, remains years away from full domestic production. Supply delays from foreign manufacturers have further slowed aircraft production, affecting the Indian Air Force’s ability to address squadron shortages.

Weight increases during development also created major engineering challenges. Early prototypes exceeded design weight targets, requiring structural modifications. Landing gear problems emerged as another concern, particularly in late 2024, when landing gear failures led to the temporary grounding of TEJAS aircraft, including operational, prototype, and naval versions. Engineers later redesigned the system, reducing weight and improving compatibility with upgraded MK-1A models.

Compared to other fighter programs worldwide, TEJAS experienced an unusually long development timeline. It took roughly 30 years from approval to initial operational service, while aircraft such as the F-16, Rafale, Gripen, and Su-27 reached operational status in significantly shorter periods. These delays were largely due to technological complexity, funding limitations, and external restrictions.

Public scrutiny intensified following a crash involving a TEJAS prototype during a demonstration at the Dubai Air Show in 2025. The incident raised questions regarding performance, reliability, and weapons integration, particularly when compared with other contemporary fighters such as Pakistan’s JF-17 and China’s J-10C. A 2015 report by India’s national auditor highlighted multiple performance shortcomings affecting combat effectiveness, including limited range and payload capacity compared with larger fighters such as Rafale and Su-30MKI. However, TEJAS offers advantages in agility, lower operating costs, and suitability for light combat roles.

Production rates have also remained slower than expected. The first operational squadron was established in 2016, but expansion has lagged behind projections. By 2026, fewer than 50 aircraft were in service, far below the number required to fully replace the MiG-21 fleet. Strategic considerations further complicate the program. With neighbouring countries rapidly modernising their air forces, TEJAS plays a key role in India’s push for defence self-reliance. However, export efforts have faced setbacks due to concerns over production speed and operational maturity.

Future upgrades aim to improve the aircraft’s capabilities. The MK-1A version includes advanced radar, improved avionics, and weight reductions. The MK-2 variant is expected to feature a more powerful engine and increased payload capacity, positioning it closer to medium-weight fighters. Nevertheless, development timelines continue to shift, with key milestones delayed beyond initial expectations. Despite setbacks, TEJAS represents a significant technological achievement. Its advanced fly-by-wire system, composite airframe, and multi-role flexibility demonstrate India’s growing aerospace capabilities. While technical challenges and delays have slowed progress, the program continues to evolve.

Ultimately, TEJAS cannot be considered a failure. It is operational and continues to improve, though it remains constrained by production limitations and engine dependence. Its long-term success will depend on resolving these issues and accelerating development, determining whether it can fully realise India’s ambitions for aerospace independence.
Disclaimer: This image is taken from Indian Defence News.

Whether it is issuing military threats toward Colombia and Cuba, suggesting the takeover of Greenland from Denmark, or capturing oil tankers in European and Caribbean seas, Donald Trump’s actions are forcing global leaders into constant crisis management. His renewed brand of American imperialism is reshaping international politics at a rapid pace. Jonathan Freedland discusses this shifting global landscape with Pulitzer Prize–winning author Anne Applebaum, examining what lies ahead in a world being rapidly transformed by the decisions of the US president.

Disclaimer: This podcast is taken from The Guardian.

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Disclaimer: This podcast is taken from CNA.

On September 3, China held its largest military parade to date in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. The event featured tens of thousands of soldiers, along with hundreds of aircraft, ground vehicles, and advanced weaponry. More than just a show of military might, the parade was intended as a symbol of deterrence, national solidarity, and a display of Xi Jinping’s authority in a period of global uncertainty. Andrea Heng discussed the significance of the event with Dr. Mustafa Izzuddin, Senior International Affairs Analyst at Solaris.
Disclaimer: This Podcast is taken from CNA.

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Disclaimer: This Podcast is taken from CNA.