Pakistan is set to significantly enhance its naval strength with the upcoming addition of eight Hangor-class submarines, developed in collaboration with China. This move is part of Pakistan’s broader strategy to modernize its navy, expand its fleet, and strengthen its operational capabilities in the region, according to a report by the Chinese state media outlet, Global Times. The Hangor-class submarines are based on Chinas Type 039A Yuan-class design, adapted for export. These submarines are equipped with advanced Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology, which enables them to operate underwater for extended periods without the need to surface, offering improved stealth and operational range. Each submarine is fitted with six torpedo tubes and has the ability to launch anti-ship missiles, including the Babur-3 subsonic cruise missile.

Under the deal between Pakistan and China, four submarines will be built in China, and the remaining four will be constructed at Karachi Shipyard Engineering Works through a technology transfer agreement. The first submarine was launched in April 2024, and the entire fleet is expected to be operational between the late 2020s and early 2030s. Once integrated, the Hangor-class submarines will increase Pakistan’s fleet of AIP-equipped submarines to eleven, surpassing India’s capabilities in this area, as India currently has no AIP-equipped submarines. Admiral Naveed Ashraf, Chief of Naval Staff, noted that these new submarines would significantly enhance Pakistan’s naval operations and strengthen its deterrence capabilities against regional rivals.

This development comes amid increasing naval competition in South Asia, particularly between India and Pakistan. While India is modernizing its fleet with advanced naval assets, Pakistan’s acquisition of the Hangor-class submarines is seen as a strategic move to maintain a balance of power in the region. The addition of these submarines represents a major advancement for the Pakistan Navy, offering enhanced stealth and operational capabilities. The Hangor-class submarines are expected to play a critical role in Pakistan’s maritime strategy, particularly in anti-accessarea denial (A2AD) operations, as they aim to respond effectively to regional security challenges.

Disclaimer: This Image is taken from The Indian Express.